Interleukin-1β (IL-1β) is an important cytokine and peptide regulator primarily produced by mononuclear phagocytes. It plays a key immunomodulatory role in the activation of cellular immunity. IL-1β is involved in various physiological processes, including hematopoiesis, nervous and endocrine system regulation, inflammatory responses, and certain anti-tumor mechanisms. However, sustained and aberrant production of IL-1 within local tissues can lead to systemic effects such as fever, inflammatory reactions, and pathological changes associated with certain diseases.