CD3ε is a 20 kD subunit of the CD3/T-cell receptor (TCR) complex. This complex typically comprises two CD3ε chains, one CD3γ chain, one CD3δ chain, a CD3ζ (CD247) homodimer, and a T-cell receptor heterodimer. It is expressed on all mature T lymphocytes, NKT cells, and a subset of thymocytes. CD3, also known as T3, is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily and plays a critical role in antigen recognition, signal transduction, and T-cell activation.